Graphic substrates and surfaces have different requirements, which are addressed using specific types of large-format digital printing inks. Each ink is designed to adapt better to a particular surface, so understanding the differences between them is important to achieve the best print quality.
These inks are mainly used in inkjet printing processes. This technology works by spraying ink onto the surface through a jet mechanism. Below, we explain the main types of inks used in large-format digital printing.
Water-based inks
Most of their composition is water mixed with dyes or pigments that provide colour, giving them a wide tonal range. They are mainly used for printing on paper and cardboard substrates, as their adhesion on other materials is limited. They are not recommended for outdoor applications. They are mainly used for:
- Posters
- Photographs
- Points of sale
- Canvas prints
- Posters
- Food packaging
One of the main characteristics of these water-based inks is that they are non-toxic and odourless during printing and use. However, although they can produce vibrant colours, these may fade more quickly. Pigment-based versions offer better durability but still have limited resistance to water, weather conditions and UV light.
Solvent inks
These inks use a solvent-based composition that carries colour pigments. The result is highly durable and resistant prints. They are mainly used for outdoor elements because their adhesion to materials such as plastics is very strong. Their main applications include:
- Outdoor signage
- Signage
- Vehicle graphics
In solvent printing, the solvent evaporates during the printing process, leaving the pigment fixed on the substrate. For this reason, solvent inks are not considered environmentally friendly, which has led to the development of more sustainable alternatives.
Eco-solvent inks
Eco-solvent inks were developed as a more environmentally responsible alternative to solvent inks, which have higher toxicity and stronger odours. These inks contain fewer volatile organic compounds (VOCs), making them less harmful to both health and the environment. Their main applications include:
- Banners
- Displays
- Self-adhesive vinyl
- PVC banners
They generally offer lower durability and slightly less colour intensity compared with solvent inks, but they are a strong alternative due to their lower environmental impact. They can also be used indoors because they do not require extensive ventilation.
Latex inks for digital printing
Latex inks contain no contaminating volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Among all ink technologies, they offer one of the highest levels of sustainability.
Also known as resin inks, they are composed of a combination of water, heat-curing resins and additives that help create the printed image. They are similar to solvent inks but have the advantage of being non-toxic and odourless.
Their main applications include:
- Walls
- Murals
- Signage
- Photography
- Self-adhesive vinyl
- Displays
They are considered an ecological option, especially for large-format printing, and are suitable for outdoor use because they can withstand weather conditions.
Solid inks
This type of ink is used in printers that operate with solid ink sticks made from resin and pigments. These sticks melt inside the printer and become liquid during printing. Once deposited onto the substrate, the ink solidifies instantly.
One of the advantages of this system is that it can be applied to almost any substrate because it does not rely on absorption. However, it is less resistant to friction and does not achieve the highest level of detail.
UV inks in digital printing
These inks are named after their drying process using ultraviolet light. Before exposure to UV light, the ink remains in liquid form. Once exposed, it undergoes a chemical reaction called polymerisation, forming a durable and resistant coloured layer.
Thanks to this rapid curing process, UV printing can be applied to a wide range of substrates, including wood, glass, aluminium, vinyl and textiles. Some of its advantages include the ability to reproduce images with high resolution and vibrant colours, while using very small amounts of ink. In addition, prints produced with UV inks offer strong resistance to outdoor conditions.
Contact our team of professionals if you need additional advice or support for your printing project.
